Emergencies Are Both Life Threatening And Detrimental On A...

Oncologic Emergencies are both life threatening and detrimental to a patient’s health. As stated by (Tan), â€Å"An oncologic emergency is a clinical condition resulting from a structural or metabolic change caused by cancer or its treatment that requires immediate medical intervention to prevent loss of life or quality of life.† Oncologic emergencies can be further classified as metabolic, hematologic, neurologic, or cardiovascular. Superior vena cava syndrome and spinal cord compression can be considered oncologic emergencies. Superior vena cava syndrome is classified as cardiovascular while spinal cord compression is classified as neurologic and/or structural. Treatment options vary depending on the severity of the disease. When†¦show more content†¦Invasion or external compression can cause an SVC blockage. One way external compression can occur is by the involvement of lymph nodes. When cancer is present in the body, there is a chance that it can spr ead to surrounding lymph nodes. If this occurs, the lymph nodes can enlarge and compress the SVC and cause an obstruction. Other ways external compression can occur are by the right lung, other mediastinal structures, or by thrombosis of blood within the vein itself. As blood flow becomes blocked, the blood from the upper body is unable to drain back into the heart correctly. These collaterals provide an alternate pathway so the blood can ultimately reach the right atrium. Collateral veins can originate from the azygos vein, lateral thoracic, inter mammary, and esophageal venous systems. Over a time period of several weeks, the alternate pathways begin to dilate which results in venous pressure in the upper body to elevate. By the venous pressure remaining elevated, signs and symptoms will become noticeable. How quickly the signs and symptoms manifest is dependent upon how fast the SVC becomes congested in relation to the formation of venous collaterals. Research states that â€Å"Patients with malignant disease may develop symptoms of SVC syndrome within weeks to months because rapid tumor growth does not allow adequate time to develop collateral flow.† (Drews and Rabkin) Out of all the signs and symptoms that can occur,

Henry Viii And Elizabeth Of York - 1038 Words

Henry VIII Can you guess who this is? He will form his own church (Elton). He will also marry 6 wives(Crofton 130). Did you guess right? It was King Henry VIII. Henry VIII was born June 28, 1941 (Crofton 128). Henry was the second son of King Henry VII and Elizabeth of York (Elton). After his oldest brother Arthur in 1502 he became heir to the English throne (Crofton 130). In 1509 Henry VII died and then Henry VIII was crowned on June 23,1509 (Crofton 128). Henry was the second surviving son of Henry VII and ELizabeth of York (Crofton 130). When he was younger he enjoyed doing various activities outside including jousting and hunting (Ives). He also enjoyed many things like dancing (Ives).Henry was a very†¦show more content†¦Henry never had good luck with the ladies. In 1536, he Anne Boleyn,his second wife, of adultery so he beheaded her (Perry 79). After that he married his third wife Jane Seymour (Perry 79). She would become the mother of Henry s only son Edward I (Perry 79). Just a few days after giving birth to Edward she would die (Ives). Surprisingly Henry waited a few years to marry his fourth wife Anne of Cleaves (Perry 79). Anne was a german princess that was suppose to be really pretty (Elton). When Henry met her she turned out to be really ugly (Elton). Henry then divorced her and beheaded Thomas Cromwell for tricking him (Elton). He then married his fifth wife Catherine Howard (Perry 79). She did not last long because she was beheaded for sleeping with other men before they were married (Ives). One more wife to go his sixth and final wife was Catherine Parr (Perry 79). During Henry s reign, Wales and England would unite as one. Sometime in the 1280s, After Henrys son conquered Wales, the Welsh people got really mad and rebelled against the English people many times, because of what Edward did (Ives). After they all cooled down they finally accepted being united with the English (Ives). When the acts of 1536 and 1543, Henry put both England and Wales under a system of government (Elton). In 1541 Ireland became a nation and King Henry would become king (Ives). Now as king he had many wars with France and Scotland in the year of 1542 (Elton).Show MoreRelated Overview of the Monarchs of the Tudor Dynasty Essay1184 Words   |  5 Pages1485 to 1603 whom ranged from Henry VII to Elizabeth I these rulers were well known because of different attributes they gave England. I will be providing information about all six rulers that reigned England in this distinctive dynasty. Each King or Queen will have information about them in a paragraph, following these paragraphs will be a conclusion summarizing the Tudor family. My work cited page will indicate the ending of my paper. Henry VII Henry VII was the first of the TudorRead MoreHenry VIII and His Six Wives Essay examples1351 Words   |  6 PagesHenry VIII and His Six Wives Henry VIII married his brothers widow, Catherine of Aragon, in a political marriage (much like most weddings of the time). When Catherine of Aragon had stillborn children as well as early infancy deaths to all of their children, except Mary, Henry VIII began to worry that he would not have a son to heir the thrown. He began to petition the court for an annulment, so that we could marry his mistress Ann of Boleyn. At first Catherine, was kept inRead More Biography of Queen Elizabeth Essay1102 Words   |  5 PagesBiography of Queen Elizabeth Despite being unwanted by her father, King Henry VIII, Elizabeth managed to overcome obstacles and become one of the most powerful woman leaders of her time. Some of her accomplishments were to defeat the Spanish armada, restore peace between Catholics and Protestants, and lead England to prosperity (Ross 146). The period of time during her reign, fifteen hundred and fifty eight to sixteen hundred and three, is often called the Golden Age since it wasRead MoreKing Henry Viii : The King Of The Throne1682 Words   |  7 PagesKing Henry VIII was one of the most important and controversial leaders in English royalty history. In his rule, he made several large changes to normal English lifestyle, including taking complete control over the Church system and stripping the pope of all of his powers in England. He also broke a Christian tradition by having six different wives (In Christianity, you are not allowed not allowed to divorce or have several spouses). King Henry VIII s life and rule completely redefined EnglishRead MoreThe Exciting Life of King Henry VIII1297 Words   |  5 PagesTo begin with; Henry VIII was the King of England from April 21, 1509 until his death. King Henry VIII was born born on June 28th of 1491 in Palace of Placentia, Greenwich, in the United Kingdom. Henry VIII then later died on January 28th, 1547 in Palace of Whitehall, London, in the United Kingdom. His parents were Elizabeth of York and Henry VII. Henry became king when he was just eighteen years old. He was known for his love of hunting and dancing. (â€Å"Henry VIII†. BBC News.) Henry was known as theRead MoreQueen Elizabeth The 1st And Prime Minister Of England967 Words   |  4 Pagesbetween Queen Elizabeth the 1st and Prime Minister of England, Margret Thatcher. Viewing the influences, achievements, and similarities throughout their periods of history, Elizabeth I was born to royalty, Margaret was born to common parents. Queen Elizabeth I was the daughter of King Henry VIII and her mother was Anne Boleyn. Elizabeth I was born on September 7, 1533, her parents were expecting a royal son, but instead they got a royal daughter, she was baptized and christened Elizabeth after herRead MoreEssay on Henry VII of England673 Words   |  3 PagesHenry VII of England Introduction Henry VII is also known as Henry Tudor. He was the first Tudor king after defeating Richard III at the Battle of Bosworth in August 1485. This battle saw the end of the Wars of the Roses, however to bring England to a powerful and also peace country he would have to sustain a full control of England. Henry VII was king of England from 1485 to 1509. His second son, also called Henry, inherited the throne and became Henry VIII. How did he keep the nobles underRead MoreThe Poetry of Sir Thomas Wyatt507 Words   |  3 Pagesthe year 1503. The son of Sir Henry Wyatt and Anne Skinner, he went on to attend St. John’s College in Cambridge. He first took a place in the court of King Henry VIII in 1516. In the year 1520 he was married to Elizabeth Brooke at the age of seventeen. His son, of the same name, was born in the year 1521. Wyatt’s marriage to Elizabeth was miserable and the couple is believed to have been â€Å"estranged by the second half of the 1520s† (Burrow). Thomas Wyatt and Elizabeth Brooke were separated in 1525Read MoreHistory Timeline1078 Words   |  5 PagesHenry VIII: Authority, Nation and Religion, 1509- 1540 1473: Wolsey born in Ipswich, son of a butcher, gained a scholarship to Oxford 1485: Henry VII becomes King of England after defeating Richard III at the Battle of Bosworth 1491: Henry VIII born at Greenwich Palace 1498: Wolsey Ordained as a priest 1501: Arthur, Prince of Wales and Catherine of Aragon married 1502: Arthur dies Wolsey made Chaplain to Archbishop Deane of Canterbury 1503: Pope Julius II grants dispensationRead MoreHenry VIII: King of England1349 Words   |  6 Pagesthe life of Henry VIII is one of which many do not attempt to describe because of the rich amount of history that goes along with him. No king has left such a profound impact on the past accounts of his country, or has been the focus of controversial topics that have made lasting contributions to his country. His means were immoral, but because of the greatness that he achieved, we look beyond his imperfection. On June 28, 1491, at Greenwich Palace, Henry VII and Elizabeth of York had their second

Descartes4 Essay Example For Students

Descartes4 Essay Descartes Cogito Ergo Sum (I am, I exist) argument is a complex one. In many ways, he constructs a convincing argument for the existence of the self, and for the process of the thinking being, the essence of that self. In this meditation on his philosophy, Descartes on numerous attempts tries to convince both the readers, as well as himself, of his theory that we must reject all of our present ideas and beliefs and start from nothing. He believes that the only thing that has any certainty at this point is his own existence as a thinking being. Everything else, which he has learned throughout his entire life and believed in, is to be thrown out because it is not known clearly and distinctly. Descartes method and theory on knowledge was well planned and carefully thought out. It is evident that he spent a great deal of time determining the principles that he would use as determinants for judging whether a specific idea was justified and true. In my opinion, there are some flaws contain ed in Descartes argument. Among these flaws are Descartes apparent determination to prove his theory on his individual existence in the world and the existence of G-d to backup and prove himself and his theories. At the beginning of meditation two, Descartes is stuck in the middle of nothingness. He has nothing, nothing to believe in and everything around him he regards as false. This is because he cannot believe what he has learned and he is also unable to trust his senses due to the fact that they deceive him. He feels like he is drowning in a whirlpool and cannot reach the top and get out nor can he put his feet on the bottom and stand. Everything in the world at this point he has called into doubt, including himself. Everything that he has ever seen, learned or thought is now external from what he deems to be true and he is beginning his knowledge from non-existence. Descartes although is certain of one thing, nothing (but to be certain of nothing is still to be certain of somet hing?). Descartes is a rational thinker and he rationalizes through his studies that nothing in the world is known. He decided to re-start his belief process and call everything he has ever believed in, into doubt. He is debating complex ideas in his head, changing his mind and objectively making decisions, so his existence in a world has to be a certainty. The fact that he is having these thoughts, whether right or wrong proves mental capacity.Descartes then states with certainty Cogito ergo sum (I am, I exist). This is the first accurate idea that Descartes knows with any conviction, he knows that he is a thinking being. Descartes still does not know what he is, he says but what then am I? A thing that thinks. What is that? A thing that doubts, understands, affirms, denies, wills, refuses, and that also imagines and senses.He is aware of his mental capacity and knows he thinks, deliberates and makes decisions, but he still rejects his body and his senses. One major flaw found in D escartes argument is that while critically examining, and then rejecting, mostly everything in the world around him, he maintained that he could prove the existence of G-d, beyond a shadow of a doubt. For thousands of years,people have been trying to prove G-ds existence but he has yet to be successful. It seems to me that Descartes showed a display of arrogance in supposing that he could devise a method of proving the existence of G-d, doing so without a great deal of difficulty. At one point in his discourse on method, Descartes sets out a code of morals, which he plans to abide by. Descartes states that he plans to obey the laws and the customs of my country, constantly holding on to the religion in which, by G-ds grace, I had been instructed from my childhood .It is quite apparent from this passage, that Descartes had accepted and embraced the idea of G-d long before he even began to question it. With this pre-judgement of G-ds existence, he could not possibly have made a fair a nd accurate conclusion as to whether or not G-d really exists. The fact that he was so ready and willing to accept G-ds existence, while being so critical of everything else around him illustrates how careful he was to prove a G-d of power and benevolence. He then used his idea of G-d to explain and justify his existence and everything else he wants to prove as clearly and distinctly in his argument. If Descartes were to have rejected the ideas of G-d and religion, he would have had a much harder time proving his own existence and the existence of elements which he believed to be true. Had this not been the case, I see no way in which Descartes could have come to feel that he had been able to provide such a secure proof of G-d and his own existence. At times, Descartes is unnecessarily critical of many ideas. Descartes clearly states that he perceives it to be quite necessary to question everything in the world around him, and that we should never believe anything we learn from our senses. In his Discourse, Descartes states I learned not to believe anything to firmly of which I had been persuaded only by example and customs: and thus I little by little freed myself of many errors that can darken our natural light and render us less able to listen to reason. (pg. 15, part 1).In sternly following his philosophies, Descartes must have missed out on many wonderful things in his lifetime. True as it may be, that our senses can sometimes deceive us, those deceptions can be beautiful and powerful things. The feelings we get when looking at a beautiful sunset, or the colours of the leaves changing in the fall are no less important or meaningful to us just because they may not be completely accurate portrayals of reality. I think they are our reality. If at every instance of life we questioned reality and could not just relax and take in the moment, life may not be worth living because happiness would always be questioned. I happen to feel that many of lifes greatest pleasures are in those things that we can perceive only through our senses. Love and religion are perfect examples of things we appreciate by blind faith and trust without the use of reason. To go through life without knowing and experiencing things such as these, would simply be a shame. One would be missing out on a number of worthwhile experiences if they were to question and doubt everything to the point where they could no longer appreciate lifes simple pleasures. I would like to think that perhaps there are more important things in life than questioning and denouncing everything that one has been told, simply because it may not be based on the most secure knowledge possible. I suggest that Descartes should have substituted I feel, therefore I am for his famous I think, therefore I am. Conceivably our senses are not the most secure basis for knowledge, but they provide us with many wonderful sensations that I personally would not be prepared to give up, simply for the knowledge that I really exist. Possibly not every idea needs to be examined, and subsequently accepted or rejected.Conceivably there is such a thing as gut reaction. What is true for one person is not necessarily true for another. If refusing to question and call into doubt everything that one knows and holds to be important equals remaining ignorant, then I would prefer to be ignorant. I would elect to continue to experience feelings brought upon me by things which I have observed through the use of my senses and instinct, than to appreciate only those few things which can be proved to be absolutely true. A life of obsessional questioning of every single thing imaginable would be incredibly tedious and would wipe out the wonder of enjoyment of invisible joys and gifts of nature. Descartes must have been a very one-dimensional human being and one has to pity him for his lack of ability to enjoy the world around him. On the surface, he appears to be very confident that his argument bears vali dity, but my personal impression is that he was actually very insecure after all. This proves to me that his theories and the manor in which he proves his theories not to be valid and concrete in any definite way. .uef8f5bdd78e8ebf95ac6dcef173e2032 , .uef8f5bdd78e8ebf95ac6dcef173e2032 .postImageUrl , .uef8f5bdd78e8ebf95ac6dcef173e2032 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .uef8f5bdd78e8ebf95ac6dcef173e2032 , .uef8f5bdd78e8ebf95ac6dcef173e2032:hover , .uef8f5bdd78e8ebf95ac6dcef173e2032:visited , .uef8f5bdd78e8ebf95ac6dcef173e2032:active { border:0!important; } .uef8f5bdd78e8ebf95ac6dcef173e2032 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .uef8f5bdd78e8ebf95ac6dcef173e2032 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .uef8f5bdd78e8ebf95ac6dcef173e2032:active , .uef8f5bdd78e8ebf95ac6dcef173e2032:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .uef8f5bdd78e8ebf95ac6dcef173e2032 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .uef8f5bdd78e8ebf95ac6dcef173e2032 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .uef8f5bdd78e8ebf95ac6dcef173e2032 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .uef8f5bdd78e8ebf95ac6dcef173e2032 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .uef8f5bdd78e8ebf95ac6dcef173e2032:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .uef8f5bdd78e8ebf95ac6dcef173e2032 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .uef8f5bdd78e8ebf95ac6dcef173e2032 .uef8f5bdd78e8ebf95ac6dcef173e2032-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .uef8f5bdd78e8ebf95ac6dcef173e2032:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: How To Annoy People Essay Bibliography:

Strategic Planning, Learning Theory, and Training Needs Analysis Essay Example

Strategic Planning, Learning Theory, and Training Needs Analysis Essay Assignment One: Strategic planning, learning theory, and training needs analysis Strayer University ASSIGNMENT ONE Identify the five phases of the training process model (TPM); explain fully the process that goes on in each of the phases. The five phases of the training process model are as follows; 1. Analysis Phase – In the analysis phase, companies determine where there are performance gaps and how they will address those gaps. They must determine whether the performance gap is caused by insufficient employee knowledge, skills, and attitudes (KSA’s) or from non-KSA related issues such as faulty equipment or motivation issues (Blanchard Thacker, 2010). This process is often referred to as a training needs analysis (TNA). The analysis also serves to attach priorities to training events. Not all training needs identified will be an emergency, while other areas identified may need to be addressed as quickly as possible. 2. Design Phase – The design phase is the creation of training objectives. Once the training needs are identified through the TNA process the design phase is used to provide specific direction on how and when to provide the training. This phase also takes into consideration the factors needed to complete the training objectives, such as where to get the training (outsourced or internal), how to deliver the training (classroom, distance learning, written materials etc. ), and the organization of the training content (Blanchard Thacker, 2010). . Development Phase – The development phase is when you formulate an instructional strategy in order to meet the training objectives. It is also when all of the materials that are needed to conduct the training are brought together. Such as training materials (manuals, texts, and training media), and how the content will be delivered (classroom, distance, individual). 4. Implementation Phase – The implementation phase is when a ll of the other phases are brought together and the training can be conducted. We will write a custom essay sample on Strategic Planning, Learning Theory, and Training Needs Analysis specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Strategic Planning, Learning Theory, and Training Needs Analysis specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Strategic Planning, Learning Theory, and Training Needs Analysis specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer A dry run of the training is recommended in order to ensure all the training needs are met and the training will be successful. 5. Evaluation Phase – There are two parts to the evaluation phase; the first is the process evaluation which looks at the mechanics of the training. In the second part the outcome evaluation; looks at how well the training objectives were implemented. This evaluates how the training influenced the trainees, job performance, and overall company training goals. Identify three factors that might inhibit HRD managers from developing a strategic planning approach to training. Recommend how these three factors might be overcome. Since the HRD main focus is on employee’s skills and performance and the book states that many companies leave the HRD out of the  strategic  planning process completely; it stands to reason that a HRD manager in this scenario would not develop a  strategic  plan because they know it wont be supported or included in the company’s  overall  goals. Aside from that, the other issues managers face are technical design issues, cultural/ideological issues, and political issues. If the plan is supported by the company, the HRD manager has to realize costs and development of training (especially if new training is needed to introduce new skills to workers). They also have to  determine  if this can be  achieved  internally or if they need to bring in outside  consultants. They also have to be sensitive to the cultural issues employees face and how all of these tie in with the entire organizational goals. HRD needs to identify and explain the need for change within an organization and present solutions. For instance if the companies new strategy is to have better customer service, the HRD needs to develop training that improves customer service skills while still fitting into the company’s other  strategic  goals (like saving money). Since most change in organizations is top-down thinking, the HRD manager needs to be able to present its  strategies  from the bottom (the employee) up and convince upper levels that certain changes or training is needed in order to meet company goals and that these  strategies  needs to be implemented for the overall success of the company. Compare and contrast the behaviorist and the cognitive approaches to learning. Explain which is more relevant to training. Depending on the task being trained, either approach may be best suited for the training. For instance, since the behaviorist approach suggests that the environment controls learning; in other words, the person doing the learning is not setting the objectives. A type of behaviorist learning could be getting struck by lightning. Someone doesn’t go outside in a lightning storm with the intent of being struck, and therefore learning not to go out in lighting storms. Rather it happens and they learn from the experience. Cognitive learning on the other hand is controlled by the learner. Like taking college courses, the student has an expectation of what they will learn from the course and it is dependent on their actions as a student if they learn the material or not. The instructor can set up the environment for learning, but if the student fails to show up learning will not happen. So in a corporate training environment, either approach to training could be effective. Training a specific task to be memorized and performed would fall under the behaviorist approach, while going to sexual harassment training would fall under a cognitive approach. Fully explain the purpose of a training needs analysis (TNA). Argue the conditions under which a TNA is  always  necessary, and offer two examples when a TNA might not be required. The training needs analysis (TNA) is used primarily to determine what training is necessary to eliminate or improve organizational performance gaps (OPG). When company goals and objectives are not being met, a TNA can and should be done in order to identify what training needs to take place and who needs to take the training in order to eliminate those performance gaps. TNAs are used to determine if the gap is due to employees KSA’s or if there are other barriers in place that are affecting employee performance. A TNA may not be required when the training being conducted is applicable to everyone in the company, such as sexual harassment or loss prevention training. It is also not necessary if the training is meant for team-building purposes. In this case the training is directed at the team members to develop cohesiveness and effectiveness. A TNA is always necessary when a performance gap has been identified. The TNA in this case ensures that only the employees who need the training receive it, thus reducing training costs. For instance, if the performance gap is identified in how paperwork is being handled, you would not need your manufacturers to attend the training, only the administrative employees would need to attend. This eliminates sending employees to training that they do not need, which can distract those who do need or want the training. Since relevance is one of the motivators for learning, TNA’s promote training effectiveness by ensuring that only the employees who require the training receive it. References Blanchard, P. N. Thacker, J. W. (2010). Effective Training: Systems, Strategies, Practice 2010 custom edition (4th ed. ). Upper Saddle River, N. J. : Prentice Hall.

The History of the Computer Game Spacewar

The History of the Computer Game Spacewar If I hadnt done it, someone wouldve done something equally exciting, if not better, in the next six months. I just happened to get there first. - Steve Russell aka Slug on inventing Spacewar. Steve Russell - Inventing of Spacewar It was in 1962 when a young computer programmer from MIT named  Steve Russell, fueled with inspiration from the writings of E. E. Doc Smith, led the team  that created the first popular computer game. Starwar was almost the first computer game ever written. However, there were at least two far-lesser-known predecessors: OXO (1952) and Tennis for Two (1958). It took the team about 200 man-hours to write the first version of Spacewar.  Russell wrote Spacewar on a PDP-1, an early DEC (Digital Equipment Corporation) interactive mini computer which used a cathode-ray tube type display and keyboard input. The computer was donated to MIT from DEC, who hoped MITs think tank would be able to do something remarkable with their product. A computer game called Spacewar was the last thing DEC expected but they later provided the game as a diagnostic program for their customers. Russell never profited from Spacewars. Description The PDP-1s operating system was the first to allow multiple users to share the computer simultaneously. This was perfect for playing Spacewar, which was a two-player game involving warring spaceships firing photon torpedoes. Each player could maneuver a spaceship and score by firing missiles at his opponent while avoiding the gravitational pull of the sun. Try playing a replica of the computer game for yourselves. It still holds today up as a great way to waste a few hours. By the mid-sixties, when computer time was still very expensive, Spacewar could be found on nearly every research computer in the country. Influence on Nolan Bushnell Russell transferred to Stanford University, where he introduced computer game programming and Spacewar to an engineering student named Nolan Bushnell. Bushnell went on to write the first coin-operated computer arcade game and start Atari Computers. An interesting sidenote is that Doc Smith, besides being a great science fiction writer, held a Ph.D. in chemical engineering and was the researcher who figured out how to get powdered sugar to stick to doughnuts. Spacewar! was conceived in 1961 by Martin Graetz, Steve Russell, and Wayne Wiitanen. It was first realized on the PDP-1 in 1962 by Steve Russell, Peter Samson, Dan Edwards and Martin Graetz, together with Alan Kotok, Steve Piner and Robert A. Saunders. Try playing a replica of the computer game for yourselves. It still holds today up as a great way to waste a few hours: Spacewar Online - The original 1962 game code runs on PDP-1 emulator in Java.Play Spacewar - The a, s, d, f keys control one of the spaceships. The k, l, ;, keys control the other. The controls are spin one way, spin the other, thrust, and fire. Steve Russell is a computer scientist who led the team that invented Spacewar in 1962, one of the first games ever written for the computer. Steve Russell - Other Achievements Steve Russell also contributed to the IBM 704, which was a 1956 upgrade of the 701. Steve Russell - Background Steve Russell was educated at Dartmouth College from 1954 to 1958.

No fault divorce Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

No fault divorce - Essay Example It does not however mean that the repeal or reform of no-fault divorce will effectively reduce the rate of divorce generally. Indeed, at this moment in time, I really want to believe that at this moment in time a fault requirement would do more harm than good. In the short term, the need to establish a legal finding of fault may prevent some divorces from happening, and encourage couples that are contemplating divorce to work out their marital difficulties. But the deterrent effect is likely to be weak. A lot of people do not think of divorce until their marriage is in very bad shape; by which time, the marriage will be very difficult to salvage. Moreover, the fault requirement would also be indiscriminate in its deterrent effect. Some marriages especially those that involve physical violence and abuse that rightfully should end will be preserved. Unfortunately, fault is likely to be most successful in deterring socially isolated women, often-battered wives, from seeking divorce. It would be wrong indeed if a pro-marriage policy unintentionally became a pro-bad-marriage policy, giving aid and comfort to the critics of the institution. Fault law invites unending litigation, and thus intensifies and prolongs conflict. Requiring fault would be bound to hurt the children (if there are any) who will be caught in the middle. On thing we should have learned from thirty years of high divorce, is that: When divorcing parents have legal incentives to fight, they will. And fault gives them yet another incentive. Inevitably, children will be recruited as informants and witnesses in the legal battle to establish fault. The faultfinding may also be exploited to prejudice or interfere with the child's attachment to the parent who is at fault. Of course, this ugly practice of blaming and discrediting the other parent goes on under no-fault divorce law, but fault will provide legal justification for such behavior. Moreover, establishing fault in contested cases would require more aggressive and time-consuming litigation and thus more billable hours from lawyers, therapists, private investigators, pension specialists, expert witne sses, and all the others in the divorce industry. This will create financial constraints and burdens for those who can least afford it. The Ivana Trumps of this world may have the resources to fight a protracted fault battle (and to win some of its spoils) but not the average first wife, especially if she has spent her life as a full-time wife and homemaker. Since most legislation limits fault to contested divorces involving children, children are likely to be the biggest economic losers. Marital assets will be squandered and dissipated in fault battles, leaving fewer resources for the maintenance and care of the children after the divorce. Some proponents of fault argue for higher barriers to divorce, as this in their reasoning will increase commitment to marriage. They say the harder it is to get divorce, the more couples will try to maintain their marriages right from the beginning. This argument seems appealing viewing it on the surface, but it is not so persuasive when viewed c ritically, especially when we consider those that will be most heavily influenced by the reintroduction of fault: the young adults approaching marriage for the first time. Today's young adults, many of who are products of divorced marriages, are more ignorant and wary of marriage than the earlier

Pick a company (Thorntons) of your choice answer two question Essay

Pick a company (Thorntons) of your choice answer two question - Essay Example While it was previously characterized as a luxury brand, it is quickly loosing the perception given the recent economic conditions and the increasingly saturated market. Thorntons has thus failed to develop an edge over the competition despite being a well known brand. Thornton’s has been badly affected by the recent financial downturn. This is because of the increasing price of the raw materials that impacts the price of the already expensive product. Also the consumers are left with low purchasing power given the recent recession. This is probably one reason behind the decrease in sales. The company is also impacted by change in consumer perception regarding sugar products including chocolate. With the increase in health and diet conscious public, Thorntons is negatively impacted, especially because Thorntons most important customers, which as women, are changing their attitude towards buying chocolate. Even under all this negative turn of events, Thorntons may still be able to succeed given its perception in the minds of the customers as a premium chocolate brand (Clark). Also the UK confectionary market provides a pleasant picture for chocolate makers since it is a growing market with the highest market share taken by chocolate products (Datamonitor, 15) The competition for Thorntons has also increased as chocolates such as Hotel Chocolat and Lindt take on a more aggressive stance. Thorntons, with the increase in competition, did not manage to improve upon its products. Thorntons failed to innovate with more brands and different taste (Richardson). In the recent years, Thorntons has decided to move to selling its more commercial products in super-markets (Thorntons PLC, 2). Even though Thorntons has its own retail shop, it has moved on to sell in supermarkets where customers are given a choice of different chocolates. Given that Thorntons is a